Introduction To Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition caused by the compression of the median nerve in the wrist. However, this compression can also occur in two other locations along the arm, namely the pronator teres muscle and the bicipital aponeurosis. When the median nerve is compressed, it can lead to sensory and motor deficits that affect the hand and fingers. Notably, CTS affects a significant portion of the population, with occurrences ranging from 3% to 16%.

Risk Factors for CTS

Several factors increase the risk of developing CTS. Repetitive wrist movements, prolonged wrist flexion or extension, and extended use of smartphones or exposure to vibrations are common contributors. Occupations that involve repetitive manual tasks, such as assembly line work, tend to carry a higher risk for CTS compared to desk jobs.

Health Conditions and Other Contributing Factors

In addition to these factors, underlying health conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, and vitamin deficiencies can also contribute to the development of CTS. Moreover, trauma, fluid retention during pregnancy, and certain anatomical factors are known to further increase the likelihood of compression.

Severe Cases of CTS

More severe cases of CTS are often linked to additional factors like vitamin B12 deficiency and obesity. The syndrome is more commonly observed in the dominant hand, though it can sometimes affect both hands.